Strato UNIX Root Server
Version 1: OpenBSD 4.6
Before installing OpenBSD to the physical disk you should change the partition type of the 3rd primary partition to be compatible with OpenBSD:
debian# sfdisk --change-id /dev/sda 3 A6
The OpenBSD installation CD image is available from one of the OpenBSD mirrors. Create a new virtual machine and power on VMware Server or Workstation. The VM's graphical display is needed for switching to the serial console only.
debian# wget ftp://ftp.openbsd.org/pub/OpenBSD/4.6/amd64/cd46.iso debian# vmware
This is how I create the OpenBSD virtual machine:
- Create a new virtual machine
- Virtual machine configuration: Custom
- I will install the operating system later
- Guest Operating System: FreeBSD 64-bit
- Name: OpenBSD
- Network Connection: NAT
- Disk: Use a physical disk
- Device: /dev/sda
- Usage: Use entire disk
- Finish
Once finished I edit the config again:
- Edit virtual machine settings
- Floppy > Remove
- CD/DVD > Connection > Use ISO image > /root/cd46.iso
- Add... > Serial Port > Output to socket > /tmp/vmware-socket > This end is the server > The other end is an application > Finish
- Save
You are now ready to install OpenBSD. This is the desired hard disk layout:
| Partition | Size in MB | Use | File System |
| sd0a | 512 | / | 4.2BSD |
| sd0b | 1024 | swap | Swap |
| sd0d | 1024 | /var | 4.2BSD |
| sd0e | 1024 | /tmp | 4.2BSD |
| sd0f | 1024 | /usr | 4.2BSD |
| sd0g | 4096 | /usr/local | 4.2BSD |
| sd0h | Rest | /home | 4.2BSD |
After powering on the machine immediately press ESC and select the CD-Rom drive as the boot device. If you miss this you will boot your native Linux a second time virtually and this is certainly not what you want...
>> OpenBSD/amd64 CDBOOT 2.01 boot> set tty com0 switching console to com0
Once the console has switched to the serial port you must open another shell on the Debian host and establish a connection to the named pipe. There are two ways to do that with socat: directly or with minicom. For OpenBSD with it's shell based installer it is sufficient to contact the named pipe directly:
debian# socat unix-connect:/tmp/vmware-socket stdio
Just hit ENTER and the machine will boot into the OpenBSD installation program. Here is my log:
(I)nstall, (U)pgrade or (S)hell? i
...
Proceed with install? [no] yes
...
System hostname? (short form, e.g. 'foo') h1671829
Available network interfaces are: em0 vlan0.
Which one do you wish to configure? (or 'done') [em0]
IPv4 address for em0? (or 'dhcp' or 'none') [dhcp] 172.16.65.100
Netmask? [255.255.255.0]
IPv6 address for em0? (or 'rtsol' or 'none') [none]
Available network interfaces are: em0 vlan0.
Which one do you wish to configure? (or 'done') [done]
Default IPv4 route? (IPv4 address, 'dhcp' or 'none') 172.16.65.2
add net default: gateway 172.16.65.2
DNS domain name? (e.g. 'bar.com') [my.domain] stratoserver.net
DNS nameservers? (IP address list or 'none') [none] 172.16.65.2
Do you want to do any manual network configuration? [no]
Password for root account? (will not echo) ++++++++
Password for root account? (again) ++++++++
Start sshd(8) by default? [yes]
Start ntpd(8) by default? [no]
Do you expect to run the X Window System? [yes]
Do you want the X Window System to be started by xdm(1)? [no]
Change the default console to com0? [no] yes
Available speeds are: 9600 19200 38400 57600 115200.
Which one should com0 use? (or 'done') [9600] 57600
Setup a user? (enter a lower-case loginname, or 'no') [no]
What timezone are you in? ('?' for list) [Africa/Abidjan] Europe/Berlin
Available disks are: sd0.
Which one is the root disk? (or 'done') [sd0]
Disk: sd0 geometry: 60801/255/63 [976773168 Sectors]
Offset: 0 Signature: 0xAA55
Starting Ending LBA Info:
#: id C H S - C H S [ start: size ]
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
0: 83 0 1 1 - 995 254 63 [ 63: 16000677 ] Linux files*
1: 82 996 0 1 - 1244 254 63 [ 16000740: 4000185 ] Linux swap
2: A6 1245 0 1 - 60799 254 63 [ 20000925: 956751075 ] OpenBSD
3: 83 60800 0 1 - 60800 254 63 [ 976752000: 16065 ] Linux files*
Use (W)hole disk, use the (O)penBSD area, or (E)dit the MBR? [OpenBSD]
...
Use (A)uto layout, (E)dit auto layout, or create (C)ustom layout? [a] c
...
Label editor (enter '?' for help at any prompt)
> p
> d i
> d j
> d k
> a a
offset: [20000925]
size: [956751075] 512m
Rounding to cylinder: 1060290
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /
> a b
offset: [21061215]
size: [955690785] 1024m
Rounding to cylinder: 2104515
FS type: [swap]
> a d
offset: [23165730]
size: [953586270] 1024m
Rounding to cylinder: 2104515
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /var
> a e
offset: [25270245]
size: [951481755] 1024m
Rounding to cylinder: 2104515
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /tmp
> a f
offset: [27374760]
size: [949377240] 1024m
Rounding to cylinder: 2104515
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /usr
> a g
offset: [29479275]
size: [947272725] 4096m
Rounding to cylinder: 8401995
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /usr/local
> a h
offset: [37881270]
size: [938870730]
FS type: [4.2BSD]
mount point: [none] /home>
> w
> q
...
Location of sets? (cd disk ftp http or 'done') [cd] h
HTTP/FTP proxy URL? (e.g. 'http://proxy:8080', or 'none') [none]
Server? (hostname, list#, 'done' or '?') [ftp-stud.fht-esslingen.de]
Server directory? [pub/OpenBSD/4.6/amd64]
...
Set name(s)? (or 'abort' or 'done') [done] all
Set name(s)? (or 'abort' or 'done') [done]
...
Location of sets? (cd disk ftp http or 'done') [done]
...
# halt
Next step is to reboot into OpenBSD with the physical system. As the hard disk's MBR is under Debian control, I need a boot entry in the GRUB menu:
debian# cat >> /boot/grub/menu.lst << MARK title OpenBSD 4.6 rootnoverify (hd0,2) makeactive chainloader +1 boot MARK debian# perl -pi -e 's/^default.*0$/default\t\t2/' /boot/grub/menu.lst debian# reboot
At reboot GRUB should select OpenBSD automatically.
GNU GRUB version 0.97 (639K lower / 3635904K upper memory)
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.26-2-amd64 |
| Debian GNU/Linux, kernel 2.6.26-2-amd64 (single-user mode) |
| OpenBSD 4.6 |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
| |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------+
Use the ^ and v keys to select which entry is highlighted.
Press enter to boot the selected OS, 'e' to edit the
commands before booting, or 'c' for a command-line.
Now some things have to be tuned for the new hardware and for the changed idendity. All network parameters have to be set to the real ones. One special problem is the name change of the network interface. One other is that the gateway has to be set with a host route:
openbsd# vi /etc/hosts
85.214.91.80 h1671829.stratoserver.net h1671829
openbsd# ifconfig -a | grep -B 1 lladd | grep ': ' | cut -f 1 -d ':'
em0
em1
openbsd# vi /etc/hostname.em0
inet 85.214.91.80 0xffffffff
!route add 185.214.64.1 -link \$if: -interface
openbsd# vi /etc/mygate
185.214.64.1
openbsd# vi /etc/resolv.conf
lookup file bind
search stratoserver.net
nameserver 85.214.7.22
nameserver 81.169.163.106
nameserver 81.169.148.34
The included http server is enabled
openbsd# echo 'httpd_flags=' >> /etc/rc.conf.local
and the machine is restarted one more time:
openbsd# reboot
After reboot the system should be reachable over the network.
